【まめ知識04】大蔵の瓦・焼物

明治の頃大蔵には黒瓦くろがわらの瓦屋が10軒あり、職人しょくにんも100人以上おりました。明石瓦は産地では、県下唯一ゆいいつの一級地でした。土は朝霧川あさぎりがわの上流の山でした。

ダルマ窯かまで、両方から焚たきます。あぶりから本焚き、最後に木や松葉を入れて蓋ふたをして燻いぶします。窯出かまだしをすれば直すぐに次を入れて焚きます。窯には7~800枚ぐらい入りました。（故・北川清一郎氏談）

一方明石焼の陶器とうきも多く作られ、主に登り窯でした。ほのぼの焼、朝霧焼、人丸焼、舞子焼など様々な名前があり、高̪趾焼こうちやきなどは海外へ輸出ゆしゅつされていました。蛸壺たこつぼや煉瓦れんが、タイルも焼いておりました。（故・久保直明氏資料より）

日の出窯は現在の本社ビルの裏にありました。少し高くなっていた土地を利用したようです。連房式れんぼうしきの登り窯で、焼成室しょうせいしつは10室ほどあり、結構けっこう大きかったと思います。子供の頃窯の中に入っていた思い出があります。製品には「明石焼」の刻印が押されています。（日之出工業増岡義教ますおかよしのり氏）

According to Mr Kitagawa Seiichiro. In Okura there were ten companies that made black tile and more than one hundred craftsmen. In Okura they made Akashi roof tile that was the only first class tile in Hyogo prefecture.
They took clay for tile from the mountain of the upper reaches of the Asagiri River.
In order to bake tiles they used double mouths of the Daruma kiln which had double dooms. They warmed dried clay formed tile, baked and finally smoked with wood and pine needles.
As soon as they took tiles out of the kiln, they started to make another tiles. They made from 700 tiles to 800 tiles by one kiln at a time.
Mr.kubo Naoaki says that. Many potteries of Akashi ware were mainly made by climbing kilns too. Kochi ware was exported, and besides Honobono ware. Asagiri ware, Hitomaru ware and Maiko ware were made. They made the octopus pot (the trap for octopus) brick and tile too.
Mr Masuoka Yoshinori the president of Hinode Kogyo company says that: The Hinode kiln was the back of the present main office building of his company. They used mounded place. It was the big climbing kiln that had about ten rooms for baking in a row. He remembers that he went into it when he was a child. The products were inscribed to Akashi ware.

明石ヘリテージマップ『大蔵』2014